Soybean which is scientifically known as Glycine maxL. Merrill is a leguminous crop belongs to the family Fabaceae. This crop is primarily grown for its edible beans all around the world. The native of this crop is East Asia. Uchino et al.(2016) reported that in northern cold region of Japan, intercropping of soybean with Italian ryegrass (Loliummultiflorum Lam.) living mulch exhibited significant results by enhancing the whole plant yield and crude protein content. It has been notified that intercropping with grass resulted in increasing protein value of soybean because of the addition of the seed component. Soybean is considered as a great source of high protein forage for ruminant.
Rogers et al. (2017) stated that harvested soybean after seed development had achieved high crude protein value. Soybean cultivars are categorized into indeterminate growth (IND), semi-determinate growth and determinate growth form (DET). Cutting stage of different soybean cultivars plays a key part as the dry matter yield, fiber content, crude protein content and crude protein yield is purely based on it. The main objective of this study was to explicate the effect of different growth stages on biomass weight and forage quality of different growth type soybean.
It has been suggested that addition of soybean biomass can be a key component for escalated the nutrition value of silage. However, the need of the hour is to select an appropriate sowing and harvest date in order to spur the dry matter yield of soybean biomass in Southwestern of Japan. Therefore, Prasoioet al. (2021) conducted a research in order to find out the duration of soybean cultivar, agronomic distribution and the yield and nutrient quality of each component (leaf and stem) soybean cultivars at different stages of maturity in the temperate low warm region in Japan. His research work published in Asian Journal of Plant Sciences.
Prasoio with his team members conducted a research in Sumiyoshi Livestock Science Station, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki prefecture located to Southern part of Kyushu, Japan. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) was selected for this research with 5 soybean cultivars i. e. Fukuyutaka, Kohamadaizu, Moshidou Gong 503, Norin 2 and Williams 82 and three replications. Kohamadaizu is an unknown growing type soybean while Fukuyutaka and Norin 2 are determinate growth soybeans (DET) and Moshidou Gong 503 and Williams 82 are indeterminate growth soybeans (IND) which were sown in the beginning of June 2019 and harvested at three stages R1 (beginning of flowering stage), R2 (full flowering stage and R3 (beginning of seed development).
The results of this study demonstrated that late-maturing soybean cultivars (Fukuyutaka and Kohamadaizu) produced higher amount of dry matter than those of early-maturing soybean cultivars (Moshidou Gong 503 and Williams 82) with indeterminate (IND) growth type. Late-maturing soybean cultivar could be harvested since beginning flowering time and best for cutting when reached beginning seed development.
This study concludes that Fukuyutaka and Kohamadaizu could be suitable in the utilization of soybean forage for feed livestock in the temperate low warm region in Japan. This research will play a key part for researchers and farmers to choose appropriate harvesting time for soybean as forage.
Keywords:
Glycine max L., soybean cultivars, biomass weight, Italian ryegrass, forage quality, crude protein value, living mulch, Randomized complete block design (RCBD).
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